Ransomware has emerged as one of the most effective strategies for attacking businesses, critical infrastructure, and individuals. With the increase in cyber threats, it is essential to understand this malicious software and how to protect against it. 

Ransomware is malware criminals develop and use to deny access to data, systems, or networks. Once a system is compromised, data are then encrypted, and access is blocked until payment is received in exchange for the promise of decryption keys. 

Double Extortion Ransomware is a tactic employed by threat actors to force payment from victims. After encrypting a target’s files, they exfiltrate the data and threaten to publicly release those files or auction them to the highest bidder on the dark web. 

Recent incidents have highlighted the evolving trends in ransomware attacks. One concerning trend is the recurrence of attacks on organizations that have already paid a ransom. Shockingly, statistics reveal that approximately 80% of organizations that paid a ransom demand were targeted again. This emphasizes the persistence and adaptability of ransomware operators. 

Below is an illustrative image sourced from Cert NZ, effectively demonstrating the attack paths.

Here are some of the most common attack vectors used by ransomware: 

1. Phishing Emails: Attackers send deceptive emails that appear legitimate and trick users into clicking on malicious links or opening infected attachments. 
2. Malicious Downloads: Users unknowingly download ransomware-infected files or applications from third-party websites or unsafe sources. 
3. Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) vulnerabilities: Attackers exploit vulnerabilities in RDP, a remote access tool, to gain unauthorized access to systems and deploy ransomware. Weak or unchanged default RDP credentials are a common target. 
4. Exploit kits: Attackers utilize exploit kits, which are pre-packaged sets of tools, to identify and exploit vulnerabilities in software. They can automatically deliver and install ransomware onto vulnerable systems. 
5. Drive-by downloads: Ransomware can be delivered through compromised websites or malicious advertisements. Users unknowingly download the ransomware when visiting the infected website or clicking on the malicious ad. 

In conclusion, ransomware poses a significant threat to businesses and individuals alike. By implementing strong cybersecurity practices, regularly updating software, backing up data, and educating users about potential risks, organizations and individuals can better protect themselves from the damaging effects of ransomware attacks. It is crucial to remain vigilant in the face of this growing threat and follow best practices to prevent and mitigate the risks associated with ransomware.